dnf (o Dandified Yum) es el gestor de paquetes RPM que está siendo utilizado en Linux Fedora desde hace bastante tiempo y que se habla que será el sucesor de yum. Ya lo veremos.
Sin embargo, en RedHat y CentOS todavía sigue vigente yum como estándar de gestión de software pero podemos instalar dnf si lo deseamos. Se hace de la siguiente manera:
Descargamos el paquete RPM con el comando wget:
[[email protected] ~]# wget http://springdale.math.ias.edu/data/puias/unsupported/7/x86_64//dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm
–2018-04-20 07:20:46– http://springdale.math.ias.edu/data/puias/unsupported/7/x86_64//dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm
Resolving springdale.math.ias.edu (springdale.math.ias.edu)… 192.16.204.192
Connecting to springdale.math.ias.edu (springdale.math.ias.edu)|192.16.204.192|:80… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 213696 (209K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm’
100%[=============================================>] 213,696 182KB/s in 1.1s
2018-04-20 07:20:47 (182 KB/s) – ‘dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm’ saved [213696/213696]
[[email protected] ~]# wget http://springdale.math.ias.edu/data/puias/unsupported/7/x86_64/dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm
–2018-04-20 07:20:59– http://springdale.math.ias.edu/data/puias/unsupported/7/x86_64/dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm
Resolving springdale.math.ias.edu (springdale.math.ias.edu)… 192.16.204.192
Connecting to springdale.math.ias.edu (springdale.math.ias.edu)|192.16.204.192|:80… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 62404 (61K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm.1’
100%[=============================================>] 62,404 161KB/s in 0.4s
2018-04-20 07:21:00 (161 KB/s) – ‘dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm.1’ saved [62404/62404]
[[email protected] ~]# wget http://springdale.math.ias.edu/data/puias/unsupported/7/x86_64/python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm
–2018-04-20 07:21:10– http://springdale.math.ias.edu/data/puias/unsupported/7/x86_64/python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm
Resolving springdale.math.ias.edu (springdale.math.ias.edu)… 192.16.204.192
Connecting to springdale.math.ias.edu (springdale.math.ias.edu)|192.16.204.192|:80… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 416988 (407K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm.1’
100%[=============================================>] 416,988 258KB/s in 1.6s
2018-04-20 07:21:12 (258 KB/s) – ‘python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm.1’ saved [416988/416988]
Instalamos DNF con el paquete RPM descargado anteriormente:
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm: dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch
Marking dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm to be installed
Examining dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm: dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch
Marking dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm to be installed
Examining python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm: python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch
Marking python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package dnf.noarch 0:0.6.4-2.sdl7 will be installed
—> Package dnf-conf.noarch 0:0.6.4-2.sdl7 will be installed
—> Package python-dnf.noarch 0:0.6.4-2.sdl7 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: python-hawkey >= 0.5.3 for package: python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk
* extras: mirror.airenetworks.es
* updates: mirror.airenetworks.es
–> Processing Dependency: python-libcomps >= 0.1.6 for package: python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch
–> Processing Dependency: python-librepo >= 1.7.5 for package: python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch
–> Running transaction check
—> Package python-librepo.x86_64 0:1.7.16-1.el7 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: librepo(x86-64) = 1.7.16-1.el7 for package: python-librepo-1.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: librepo.so.0()(64bit) for package: python-librepo-1.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
—> Package python2-hawkey.x86_64 0:0.6.3-4.el7 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: hawkey(x86-64) = 0.6.3-4.el7 for package: python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libsolvext.so.0(SOLV_1.0)(64bit) for package: python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libsolv.so.0(SOLV_1.0)(64bit) for package: python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libsolvext.so.0()(64bit) for package: python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libsolv.so.0()(64bit) for package: python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libhawkey.so.2()(64bit) for package: python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64
—> Package python2-libcomps.x86_64 0:0.1.8-3.el7 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: libcomps(x86-64) = 0.1.8-3.el7 for package: python2-libcomps-0.1.8-3.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libcomps.so.0.1.6()(64bit) for package: python2-libcomps-0.1.8-3.el7.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package hawkey.x86_64 0:0.6.3-4.el7 will be installed
—> Package libcomps.x86_64 0:0.1.8-3.el7 will be installed
—> Package librepo.x86_64 0:1.7.16-1.el7 will be installed
—> Package libsolv.x86_64 0:0.6.26-1.el7 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================
Installing:
dnf noarch 0.6.4-2.sdl7 /dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 652 k
dnf-conf noarch 0.6.4-2.sdl7 /dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 29 k
python-dnf noarch 0.6.4-2.sdl7 /python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 1.8 M
Installing for dependencies:
hawkey x86_64 0.6.3-4.el7 base 89 k
libcomps x86_64 0.1.8-3.el7 epel 74 k
librepo x86_64 1.7.16-1.el7 base 77 k
libsolv x86_64 0.6.26-1.el7 base 323 k
python-librepo x86_64 1.7.16-1.el7 base 49 k
python2-hawkey x86_64 0.6.3-4.el7 base 73 k
python2-libcomps x86_64 0.1.8-3.el7 epel 46 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================
Install 3 Packages (+7 Dependent packages)
Total size: 3.2 M
Total download size: 730 k
Installed size: 4.1 M
Downloading packages:
(1/7): libcomps-0.1.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 74 kB 00:00:00
(2/7): librepo-1.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 77 kB 00:00:00
(3/7): hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 89 kB 00:00:00
(4/7): libsolv-0.6.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 323 kB 00:00:00
(5/7): python2-libcomps-0.1.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 46 kB 00:00:00
(6/7): python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 73 kB 00:00:00
(7/7): python-librepo-1.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 49 kB 00:00:00
—————————————————————————————
Total 671 kB/s | 730 kB 00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : libsolv-0.6.26-1.el7.x86_64 1/10
Installing : hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64 2/10
Installing : python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64 3/10
Installing : libcomps-0.1.8-3.el7.x86_64 4/10
Installing : python2-libcomps-0.1.8-3.el7.x86_64 5/10
Installing : dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 6/10
Installing : librepo-1.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 7/10
Installing : python-librepo-1.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 8/10
Installing : python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 9/10
Installing : dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 10/10
Verifying : libsolv-0.6.26-1.el7.x86_64 1/10
Verifying : python2-libcomps-0.1.8-3.el7.x86_64 2/10
Verifying : librepo-1.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 3/10
Verifying : dnf-conf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 4/10
Verifying : python-dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 5/10
Verifying : libcomps-0.1.8-3.el7.x86_64 6/10
Verifying : python2-hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64 7/10
Verifying : python-librepo-1.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 8/10
Verifying : hawkey-0.6.3-4.el7.x86_64 9/10
Verifying : dnf-0.6.4-2.sdl7.noarch 10/10
Installed:
dnf.noarch 0:0.6.4-2.sdl7 dnf-conf.noarch 0:0.6.4-2.sdl7
python-dnf.noarch 0:0.6.4-2.sdl7
Dependency Installed:
hawkey.x86_64 0:0.6.3-4.el7 libcomps.x86_64 0:0.1.8-3.el7
librepo.x86_64 0:1.7.16-1.el7 libsolv.x86_64 0:0.6.26-1.el7
python-librepo.x86_64 0:1.7.16-1.el7 python2-hawkey.x86_64 0:0.6.3-4.el7
python2-libcomps.x86_64 0:0.1.8-3.el7
Complete!
Una vez finalizada la instalación, ya tenemos disponible el comando dnf para su uso:
[[email protected] ~]# dnf help
usage: dnf [options] COMMAND
List of Main Commands
autoremove
check-update Check for available package upgrades
clean Remove cached data
distro-sync Synchronize installed packages to the latest available versions
downgrade downgrade a package
group Display, or use, the groups information
help Display a helpful usage message
history Display, or use, the transaction history
info Display details about a package or group of packages
install Install a package or packages on your system
list List a package or groups of packages
makecache Generate the metadata cache
provides Find what package provides the given value
reinstall reinstall a package
remove Remove a package or packages from your system
repolist Display the configured software repositories
repository-packages Run commands on top of all packages in given repository
search Search package details for the given string
updateinfo Display advisories about packages
upgrade Upgrade a package or packages on your system
upgrade-to Upgrade a package on your system to the specified version
[[email protected] ~]#
A lo mejor quieres probar de instalar un Linux en un servidor nuevo utilizando, únicamente, DNF. Podría ser una buena práctica de uso y familiarización del comando.
